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BBC Fri, 18 Jan 2008 13:41:49 GMT
School catchment areas should be banned to stop richer parents buying their way into good schools through the housing market, researchers have said.

Admissions policies favour parents who know how to use school information like league tables and those who can afford to pick where they live, they add.

The University of London team argued this was partly why the current system exacerbated existing inequalities.

Opportunities for those from poorer families remain limited, they added.

The report, which is part of the Cambridge Review of primary education, said although there were increasing opportunities for those with good qualifications, access to these was often linked to economic background.

Research shows children of parents who are in the poorest fifth of the population tend to do worse than those of the richest fifth of the population.

Catchment areas are particularly pertinent when a school is in high demand.

Once places reserved for those in local authority care and siblings of existing pupils have been allocated - the majority of schools allocate places on the basis of proximity to the school.

The study said: "In a climate where parents know a lot about schools (for example the Performance Tables), this encourages people to reside near what they perceive to be good schools.

"Such a policy discriminates in favour of those who can afford to choose exactly where to live.

"There is good cause for concern that choice and competition does not work in favour of those from low socio-economic groups," it added.

This was because parents were not equal in their ability to exercise choice of use information.

"A fundamental reform of admissions policy (for example, prohibiting schools to discriminate on the basis of residence) would do much to level the playing field in terms of educational opportunities," the researchers concluded.

This could reduce the large inequalities that appear later in terms of wages and social mobility, they argued.

The report also argued that the application of choice and the market to the school system was also problematic.

"Schools are not like businesses; they do not close down when they no longer make a profit and hence there is no automatic market mechanism to trigger the exit of failing schools,"

This means that pupils at failing schools will remain their for a considerable period of time, the report argued.

GUARDIAN Wed, 16 Jan 2008
The exams watchdog is preparing to back a controversial alternative to A-levels designed to prepare an academic elite for university, it is claimed today.

The Cambridge Pre-U is intended to help top-scoring candidates trump their A-level rivals in the rush for the most competitive university places by teaching them traditional exam and study skills over modern coursework-based learning.

State school headteachers are warning that it will prove divisive as the government encourages schools to move towards more vocational diplomas.

Independent schools and some state schools are preparing to adopt the Cambridge Pre-U qualification from September in anticipation of it getting the go-ahead from the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) in the next few months.

University of Cambridge International Examinations - a subsidiary of the Cambridge Assessment Group, which is part of the University of Cambridge - has designed the course. Students do three subjects plus an extended essay and training in study skills.

Dr Kevin Stannard, director of curriculum development, said: "We are confident of swift accreditation, a necessary step in giving maintained schools the opportunity to adopt Cambridge Pre-U for first teaching in the coming academic year."

The QCA said it was evaluating the qualification but could not discuss details. Graham Able, master of Dulwich college, said: "We are adopting the Pre-U in classics and history of art from September and all students will sit a central research course and do an extended essay under the Cambridge syllabus. We will keep a watching eye over the next few years and consider a wholesale move as things develop."

John Dunford, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, said the new qualification would create an unnecessary divide. "A-levels are being reformed and there is no necessity for some schools to look back to some golden age of qualifications which is no longer appropriate," he said.